Following the UK's vote to leave the European Union in 2016, questions were raised about London's future position as a global centre for wealth, business and international finance.
In the period immediately following the referendum, some businesses and senior executives considered relocating operations to other European financial centres, including Frankfurt and Paris.
For high-net-worth and ultra-high-net-worth individuals, Brexit also prompted wider discussions about international mobility and where to establish a long-term base.
European locations offering strong financial infrastructure, international connectivity and attractive lifestyles became increasingly relevant to globally mobile individuals considering alternatives to London.
Monaco remained a prominent destination for internationally wealthy individuals, combining an established financial sector with high levels of security. Its residential property market has long been among the world's most expensive, with even relatively small apartments commanding substantial prices.
The period highlighted the importance of flexibility for internationally mobile clients. Decisions around residency and property ownership can involve several countries and depend on individual circumstances.